Fulvic Acid from Chestnut Forest as an Added Qualities to Spring Water: Isolation and Characterization from Fiuggi Waters

The aquifer of “mineral” water, historically known for its curative properties, is an identifying characteristic the Anticolana valley. This area hosted a coppice chestnut forest long time. Under forest, there important aquifer, renowned and widely recognized preventing renal stone formation or facilitating their expulsion. mineral water pre- vents calcium oxalate phosphate crystals in kidney promotes dissolutions through soluble complexes. environment soil particularly rich humification products owing to interaction rainwater–litter–soil system. fulvic fraction under all pH conditions enriches basin. We aimed test these hypotheses assess how involved acid production. Fulvic fractions isolated purified from samples (550 μg L−1) were analyzed by GC-MS, FTIR, NMR. Data different sources compared, showing sufficient similarities state that acids come processes take place between stems litter. provides enrichment quality, which distinctive piece information defining enhancement strategies, establishing management designating sustainable management.